一、主語從句
2024-08-15 17:40:05
作者: 陳素珍 王向旭
引導主語從句的關聯詞有連詞:that,whether;連接代詞:who,whom,whose,what,which;連接副詞:when,where,why,how。如:
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.
你將來倫敦是好久以來我聽到的最好消息。
What we need is money.我們需要的是錢。
When we arrive doesn’t matter.什麼時候到沒有關係。
注意:
1.that引導主語從句時,that沒有意義,但不能省略。如:
That she is a rich woman is known to us all.眾所周知,她是個富有的女人。
2.從句作主語時,多數情況下由 it 作形式主語,而把主語從句放在後面。
可用it 作形式主語的結構主要有下列幾種:
(1)It is a fact(a shame,a pity,a good thing,a mistake,an honor,a truth,etc)that…
(2)It is true(clear,certain,obvious,likely,possible,probable,impossible,strange,wonderful,funny,surprising,etc)that…
(3)It seems(happened,appears,occurred to me,turned out,etc)that…
(4)It was reported(said,rumored,announced,arranged,decided,expected,stressed,emphasized,reiterated,etc)that…
(5)It is uncertain(doubtful,unknown,unclear,not known,not decided,a question,a mystery,secret,etc)+疑問代詞或疑問副詞引起的從句。
(6)It doesn’t matter(makes no difference,doesn’t affect us,is of little consequence,etc)+疑問代詞或疑問副詞引起的從句。如:
It is important that he should come on time.他按時來是很重要的。
It isn’t obvious which route would be best.哪條路線會是最好的還不明顯。
3.whether 既可以引導主語從句也可以引導賓語從句,但if不能引導主語從句。whether 後面可以加or not,而if 不能與or not 連用。作介詞賓語時不用if。如:
Whether I knew John doesn’t matter.═ It doesn’t matter whether I knew John.
我是否認識約翰沒有關係。
Whether or not she』ll come isn’t clear.═ Whether she』ll come or not isn’t clear.═It isn’t clear whether… 她是否來還不清楚。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔心是否我傷害了她的感情。
(賓語從句,介詞賓語,不能用if 引導)
She asked me whether/if you were married.她問我你是否結婚了。
(賓語從句,既可以用whether,又可以用if 引導,注意時態的對應)