(二)並列結構作主語時的情況
2024-08-15 17:39:51
作者: 陳素珍 王向旭
1.由and 連接的兩個單數名詞作主語時,謂語動詞一般根據意義一致的原則用複數。如:
July and August are the hottest months in Beijing.
七月和八月是北京最熱的月份。
The black and the white dog are always barking.
那條黑狗和白狗總是叫個不停。(當and所連接的兩個名詞相同而修飾詞不同時,第一個名詞通常省略,而謂語動詞用複數)
注意:但如果在意義上指同一個人、同一件事或同一個概念時,謂語動詞要用單數形式。如:
A needle and thread was found on the floor.
在地板上找到了針線。(穿了線的針)
The poet and writer has come.
那位詩人兼作家來了。(同一個人,既是詩人又是作家)
2.當each…and(each)…,every…and(every)…,no…and(no)…,many a…and(many a)…結構作主語時,謂語動詞用單數形式。如:
Every boy and every girl is treated in the same way.
每個男孩和女孩都受到同樣對待。
Many a teacher and student has seen the film.
許多老師和學生看過這部電影。
No desk and(no)chair was in the room.房間裡沒有書桌和椅子。
3.由not only…but also…,either…or…,neither…nor…,…or…,not…but…連接的並列主語,以及在there be結構有and連接的並列主語時,謂語動詞通常依就近一致原則決定。如:
Were you or he on duty?你還是他值日?
Neither her brother nor her parents were in favor of her marriage.
她哥哥和她父母都不贊成她的婚姻。
Not only she but also I am tired.不但她很累,我也很累。
There is a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.
桌上有一支鋼筆,一把小刀和幾本書。
4.當主語由as well as,with,along with,together with,rather than,no less than,but,except,besides,in addition to,like,including等詞連接時,其謂語動詞的單複數形式通常由前面的詞來決定。如:
Gold,as well as silver,has risen in price.金,還有銀,價格都上升了。
The president,accompanied by his secretaries,has arrived.
董事長,在秘書們的陪同下,已經到了。
Tom,along with his friends,goes skating every Saturday.
每個星期六,湯姆和他的朋友們一起去滑冰。
He no less than we is very glad at the news.
他和我們聽到這個消息都感到很高興。
No one except the manager has the right to decide.
只有經理才有權做出決定。